托福词汇研究 Unit 9 - Unit 10
coterminous a.毗连的;有共同边界的 [也写作contermious, con+term边界,结束;terminate结束]
couch n.床;睡椅;麦牙糖 [var of QUITCH =quitch grass 茅草]
counterfeit a.n.v.假冒的;伪作;骗子 [E<OF countrefet, -fait, pp. of
contrefaire]
countermand v.撤回;取消 [ME<OF contremander<medL
contramandare(CONTRA-,mandare order)]
counterpart n.相对物;极相似之物 [counterpane(装饰用的)床罩,床单
counterpiston 逆活塞]
coupling n.联结;联合体
covenant n.契约;盟约 [ME<OF, pres part of co(n)venir, formed as
CONVENE召集;集合]
covert a.暗地的;隐藏的 [ME<OF covert pp. of covrir COVER]
covetous a.贪婪的 [ME<OF coveitous<Gallo-Roman be ~ of another
person's
property 贪图他人财产]
cower v.畏缩;退缩 [ME<MLG kuren lie in wait COW 恐吓;威胁]
coxcomb n.纨裤子弟;花花公子[鸡冠花(cockscomb)= cock's comb(see
COCK), orig(a cap worn by)a
jester(尤指中世纪王侯、贵族所豢 养的)小丑,弄臣
coy a.害羞的 [ME<OF coi, quei<L quietus QUIET]
cozen v.欺骗 [16th-c perh rel to COUSIN 堂兄弟(姊妹) cozen a person of
(out of)something=~ something of (out of) a] [person 骗取某人的某物
cozenage 欺骗,哄骗]
cozy a.温暖而舒适的 [同COSY a ~ little restaurant
舒适雅致的小餐厅 cozy up to aperson(美口语)博取<某人>的欢心,
好]<[某人>]
crabbed a.乖戾的;暴躁的 [ME<CRAB, assoc with CRAB 蟹]
cracker n.爆竹,摔爆;一种装有糖果
cram v.填塞;仓促用功 [OE crammian<Gmc cramming adj]
cranky a.胡思乱想的;发疯的 [perh<obs crank rogue feigning sickness
CRANK曲柄;弯曲,虚浮的委婉话]
crass a.粗鲁的;愚蠢的 [L crassus solid, thick]
craven a.懦弱的 [<L crepare burst;assim to -EN]
crease n.v.皱痕;(使)起皱痕
credence n.相信 [<medL credentia<credere believe]
credo n.信条 [ME<L, = I believe]
credulity n.轻信;易信 [L credulus<credere believe]
creed n.教义;信条 [OE creda<L CREDO]
creek n.小湾;小溪 [<MDu kreke(or<crike by lengthening)]
crepuscular a.在晨曦时刻活动的 [L crepusculumtwilight(日出前的)微明,晓光;曙光;(较常指日落后的)黄昏,薄暮]
crestfallen a.垂头丧气的 [CREST鸡冠+FALLEN]
crevice n.裂缝;破口 [ME<OF crevace<crever burst<L crepare]
cringe n.v.畏缩;奉承 [ME crenge, crenche, OE cringan, crincan: CRANK脾气暴躁的
cringing 谄媚的;奉承的]
cripple n.跛子;残废的 [OE crypel, rel to CREEP 爬行,匍匐]
crisp a.脆的;活泼的 [OE<L crispus curled卷曲]
criterion n.标准;定规 [Gk kriterion means of judging(cf CRITIC)]
crooked a.有钩的;弯曲的;秘密造的 [ME<CROOK, prob after ON kr*k*ttr
crook屈曲,弯曲部;曲柄拐杖]
cross a.不高兴的 [OE cros<ON kross<OIr cros<L crux cruc-]
crotchety a.思想奇怪的;怪僻的 [CROTCHET奇想;反复无常+-Y]crude
a.未提炼的;生的;粗野 [ME<L crudus raw, rough crudity 未成熟;生硬;粗杂;粗糙粗野的行为
(言辞)]
crumble v.粉碎;崩溃;灭亡 [ME<OE, formed as CRUMB;The old wall is
crumbling away
at the edges 那道古墙的边缘逐渐崩塌]
crunch v.嘎扎嘎扎的咬嚼;压碎[同scrunch earlier cranch, assim to
munch用力嚼 A dog was ~ing on a bone一只狗在咯吱咯吱地 啃 着骨头
crusade n.十字军;圣战;改革运动[earlier croisade(F<croix cross)or
crusado(Sp<cruz cross)crusader 十字军战士改革运动者 crusado(铸有
十字架之)葡萄牙古金币或银币
crux n.紧要关头;要点 [L, = cross(<L."十字形")the ~ of a
problem 问题的核心 cruzeiro巴西的货币单位(相当于美金 5.4 cents]
[(1965))]
cryogenic a.低温的;低温学的[cryogen (化学)致冷剂;冷冻剂 cryo-
(用于复合字中) 表"冰冷,严寒"之义,如: cryometer低温计
(内装酒精,而非水银)
cryptic a.神秘的;隐藏的 [LL crypticus<Gk kruptikos(CRYPTO-)]
cryptogram n.密码 [cryptogrammic 亦作cryptogammatic 密码的;暗号的;似密码或暗号的
crypto(复合用词)表示"隐的,秘密的"]
cuddle v.抚爱地怀抱;贴着身睡 [16th c: perh<dial couth snug舒适的]
cuisine n.烹调;烹饪法 [F<L coquina<coquere to cook]
culinary a.厨房的;烹调的 [L culinarius<culina kitchen]
cull v.拣选;剔除 [ME<OF coillier etc ult<L colligere COLLECT]
culmination n.顶点;最高潮[the ~ of one's ambition 某人雄心 (抱负)
的极致 2(天文)通过子午线,中天 culminate 到达最高点 (极点,绝顶)
;达到最高潮 (极盛)
culpable a.该受谴责的 [<L culpabilis<culpare<culpa blame]
cultivate v.耕种 [medL cultivare<cultiva(terra)arable(land)(CULT)]
cultivating n.力求与人交往
cupidity n.贪婪 [ME<OF cupidite or L cupiditas<cupidus desirous]
curb n.马勒;控制 [ME<OF courber<L curvare bend, CURVE曲线;弯曲]
curmudgeon n.守财奴 [curly 鬈发的;卷曲的;卷缩的 curr(鸽、猫等)发咕咕声;发呜呜声
currant 小粒的无子葡萄干]
curry v.制革;曲意逢迎 [ME<OF correier ult<Gmc]
cursive a.草体的 [medL(scriptura)cursiva<L currere curs- run]
cursory a.匆促的;粗略的 [L cursorius of a runner(CURSOR计算尺游标)]
curtail v.缩短;缩减 [<F courtault<court short<L curtus: assim to
tail]
cushion n.垫子;后腿肉;缓解 [<L mattress, 拉丁"腰,臀"a
~ against inflation 缓解通货膨胀的政策
The grass ~ed his fall 草坪缓和了他坠落时的撞积 pincushion(裁缝用)针垫
custody n.监护;保管 [L custodia<custos -odis guardian custodian管理人;看守人,afterguardian]
cute a.聪明的;可爱的 [shortening of ACUTE敏锐的]
cyclopean a.巨大的 [独眼巨人 Cyclops(似)的;cyclopia(医)独眼畸形]
cynic n.愤世嫉俗;不信人间真情 [L cynicus<Gk kunikos<kuon
kunos dog, nickname for aCynic CYNICAL不相信人间有真情的 cynicism] [愤世嫉俗,讥嘲的习癖]
cynosure n.众人注目之的[<Gk kunosoura dog's tail, Ursa Minor<kuon
kunos dog+oura tail cynosural引人注意的 cynocephalous 似狗头的;似犬面的
cytology n.细胞学 [cyto-, cyt- 表"细胞"之义 cytologist
细胞学家 cytokinesis (细胞分裂时之)
细胞浆移动;原浆移动] [cytochrome 细胞色素 cytogenous
细胞合成的]
dabble v.涉足;浅赏 [16th c:<Du dabbelen or DAB (用)轻敲,轻抚,轻按,轻敷,轻扑(with)(又作
dabhand)(英口语)好手;高手],[ 专家(at)
dainty a.优美的;讲究的;好吃的 [AF dainte, OF daintie, deintie<L
dignitas-tatis<dignus worthy]
dais n.讲台 [ME<OF deis<L discus disc, dish, in medL = table]
dally v.嬉戏;玩弄 [ME<OF dalier chat dalliance戏弄;荒唐度日]
dampen v.弄湿;使消沉;挫锐气dandified打扮得华丽的]
dangle v.悬摆 [16th c(imit): cf Sw dangla, Da dangle TANTALIZE逗弄]
dank a.阴湿的 [ME prob<Scand: cf Sw dank marshy spot]
dapple v.使起斑纹 [ME dappled, dappeld,(adj) dappled斑纹的,花的]
daredevil n.挺而走险的人;胆大的 [DARE大胆+DEVIL鬼]
dart v.投掷 [ME<OF darz, dars,<Frank]
dashing a.勇敢的;有活力的;华丽的 [DASH急冲;突进]
dastard n.懦夫 [dastardly 懦弱的;卑鄙的 das'tardliness(惯用法)dastardly的狭义用法指懦弱的行为,广义用法指可]鄙
[行为]
daubster n.笨画匠 [(<L."涂石灰涂料")wattle and daub
拙劣的画 wattle 编枝条工艺 澳洲相思树]
daunt v.恐吓;使失去勇气 [ME<AF daunter, OF danter, donter<L
domitare frequent of
domare tame(undaunted不畏惧的)]
dauntless a.无所谓的;大胆的
dawdle v.怠惰;闲荡;浪费光阴 [perh rel to dial daddle, doddle idlea<人>没有工作的,不在工作的,闲散的
<时间>空的,闲着的 , dally] [浪费<时间>,蹉跎<时光>~
away the time 浪费时]
deadlock n.停顿;停滞 [DEAD+LOCK]
dearth n.缺乏;少 [ME, formed as DEAR]
debacle n.崩溃;瓦解 [(<F "开闩")]
debase v.贬低;降格 [DE-+obs base for ABASE]
debauch v.使堕落 [de+bauch(大梁BEAM)debauchery放荡,游荡;酒色]
debenture n.债券 [ME<L debentur are owing<debere owe: assim to -URE]
debilitate v.使衰弱;使虚弱 [L debilitare(DEBILITY)]
debonair a.和蔼的;快乐的 [ME<OF debonaire = de bon aire of good
disposition]
debutante n.初入社交界的少女 [(进入社交界) DEBUT 初在舞台(社交界);初次登台
make one's ~ 初次登台]
decadence n.衰弱;颓废 [F decadence<medL decadentia<decadere
DECAYdecadent衰退的,颓废派的;颓废派的艺术家]
decalogue n.十戒 [Decalogue deca十+logos 命令]
decamp v.撒营;逃走;逃亡 [F decamper(DE-, CAMP)]
decant v.慢慢倒出 [medL decanthare(DE-, L canthus<Gk kanthos canthus,
used ofthe lip of abeaker)]
deceit n.欺;诈欺;虚伪;奸诈 [ME<OF<pp. of deceveir<L decipere
deceive(DE-, caperetake)DECEPTION.诈欺,瞒骗,迷惑,骗人的东西]
deciduous a.落叶性的 [L deciduus<decidere<cadere fall]
decimate v.毁掉大部分;由十中选一 [L decimare take the tenth man<decimus
tenth]
decipher v.翻译;辨读;翻译密码
decompose v.分解(成分);腐烂 [F decomposer(DE-, COMPOSE)decomposition n]
decorum n.端正;礼貌合宜;礼节 [L, neut of decorus seemly DECORATION装饰;美化DECOROUS符合礼节的;相称的]
decoy n.引诱物;诱饵 [<Du de kooi the decoy<de THE+kooi<L cavea
cage]
decree n.v.法令;布告;判决 [ME<OF decre<L decretum neut pp. of
decernere
decide(DE-, cernere sift)]decrepit a.衰老的;破旧的 [ME<L
decrepitus(DE-, crepitus pp. of creparecreak)decrepitude衰老,老耄,老朽]
decry v.责难;轻视 [after F decrier: cf cry down]
dedicate v.奉献 [L dedicare(DE-, dicare declare, dedicate)]deducible a.可推知的
[deduce(<L."往下引导")(从)演绎<结论、真理等>;推断,推测,推论(→
infer)Ldeducere (as DE-, ducere] [duct- lead)]
deed n.行为;契据;立契出让 [a ~ of covenant(经签名盖章的)条款,契据]
deem v.认为;视为 [OE deman<Gmc, rel to DOOM(常指坏的)命运;劫数;毁灭,死亡(上帝所下的)最后审判注定()(to)
~ed to] [oblivion 注定被遗忘]
deface v.伤毁(外表或美观) [ME<F defacer<OF desfacier(DE-, FACE)]
defalcate v.盗用公款 [medL defalcare lop(DE-, L falx -cis sickle)]
defamation n.诽谤;中伤 [DEFAME ME<OF diffamer etc<L diffamare
spread evilreport(DIS-, fama report)]
default n.不履行责任;缺席 [ME<OF defaut(e)<defaillir fail<Rmc(DE-,
L falleredeceive): cf FA]
defeatist a.失败主义者的 [defeatism 失败主义;失败主义的行动]
defect n.缺点;缺乏;背叛;脱离 [L defectus<deficere desert, fail(DE-,
facere do)defection背离;背叛;脱党]
deference n.服从;尊重 [F deference(DEFER)]
defiant a.大胆反抗的;傲慢的 [a ~ stare 挑衅的瞪视]
defile v.弄脏;亵渎 [F defiler and defile pp.(DE-, FILE 锉刀;锉子
(the~)修整,锉光;(对文章等的)润饰(纵)列]
definition n.定义;鲜明度;精确度 [E<OF<L definitio(DEFINE)]
deflate v.放气;通货紧缩[DE-+INFLATE(<L."吹入")(以空气、气体等)使鼓起(经济)使<物价等>上涨;使<通货>膨胀
deflated 灰心丧气的
deflect v.使偏斜;使转向 [L deflectere(DE-, flectere flex-bend)deflection歪斜,偏;偏向]
defraud v.欺诈 [ME<OF defrauder or L defraudare(DE-, FRAUD 诈欺,欺骗
骗子骗人的东西;伪品]
defunct a.死亡的;已倒闭的 [L defunctus dead, pp. of defungi(DE-, fungi
perform)]
degenerate v.退步;衰败 [L degeneratus pp. of degenerare(DE-, genus -erisrace)]
degrade v.降级;使堕落;使退化 [ME<OF degrader<ecclL degradare(DE-,
L gradusstep)degraded adj]
deign v.屈尊;俯允 [ME<OF degnier, deigner, daigner<L dignare, -ari
deem worthy<dignus worthy]
deist n.奉自然神教者;理神论者 [<theos god DEISM (神)自然神教]
dejected a.沮丧的,灰心的
delegate n.代表;委派;委任 [ME<L delegatus(DE-, legare depute)]
deleterious a.有害的 [medL deleterius<Gk deleterios noxious delete删除]
deliberate a.深思熟虑的;故意的 [deliberatus pp.of deliberare(DE-,
librare weigh<libra balance)]
delinquent a.n.怠忽职务的;流氓 [de+linqu同LINGER闲荡)DELICT犯罪
delinquency过失;失职]
delusion n.谬见;幻想 [ME<LL delusio(DELUDE)]
delve v.探究;查考;掘;凹下 [OE delfan<WG]
demagogue n.群众煽动家 [Gk demagogos<demos the people+agogos leading]
demean v.贬抑 [de+MEAN(<中OE "普通的")卑鄙的,下流的]
demeanor n.行为;风度 [misdemeanor 轻罪]
demesne n.领域;私有土地 [ME<AF, OF demeine(later AF
demesne)belonging to alord<L dominicus(DOMINICAL主的;基督的)]
demise n.死亡 [AF use of pp. of OF de(s)mettre DISMISS, in refl abdicate]
demolish v.破坏;粉碎;推翻(制度等)[F demolir<L demoliri(DE-,moliri
molit-construct<moles mass)]
demotic a.民众的;通俗的 [Gk demotikos<demotes one of the
people(demos)]
demur v.犹豫;抗议 [ME<OF demeure(n), demeurer(v)<Rmc(DE-, L morari
delay)]
demure a.严肃的;端庄的 [ME, perh<AF demure<OF demore pp. of
demorer remain,stay(DEMUR): infl by OF me <L maturus ripe]<[
水果、谷物>成熟的 烂熟的;圆熟的
denigrate v.涂黑;玷辱 [L denigrare(DE-, nigrare<niger black)]
denizen n.居民;入籍者 [<L de from+intus within+-ein<L -aneus: -ANEOUS]
denomination n.名称 [E<OF denomination or L denominatio(DENOMINATE命名,取名.a.有特定之名称的)]
denotation n.(明示的)意义;指示 [(反)connotation (常 ~s)言外之意,含蓄,暗示,涵义(逻辑)内涵]
denouement n.结局;终场 [DE-, L nodare<nodus KNOT结]
denounce v.攻击;揭发;通知废止 [ME<OF denoncier<L denuntiare(DE-,
nuntiare makeknown<nuntius messenger)]
depict v.描述;叙述 [L depingere depict-(DE-, pingere paint)]
depilate v.去...之毛发 [L depilare(DE-, pilare<pilus hair)]
deplete v.使空虚;用尽 [L deplere(DE-, plere plet- fill)depletion n]
deplorable a.不幸的;可叹的
Unit 10
deploy v.散开;布置 [F deployer<L displicare(DIS-, plicare fold)&
LL deplicareexplain]
deposition n.证言;口供 [ME<OF<L depositio -onis<deponere:
DEPOSIT存放;堆积;存款]
depravity n.腐败;邪恶 [DE-+obs pravity<L pravitas(DEPRAVE使腐败)]
deprecate v.驳斥;反对;乞求免去 [L deprecari(DE-, precari pray)]
depreciate v.跌价 [LL depretiare(DE-, pretiare<pretium price)]
depredation n.抢夺 [F depredation<LL depraedatio(DE-, praedatio -onis<Lpraedari
plunder 掠夺,抢劫<人、地方等>~ a village] [抢劫村庄]
deracinate v.根除;灭绝;使隔绝 [DE-, racine <LL radicina dimin. of
radix root)]
deranged a.疯狂的 [de+RANGE排列 DERANGEMENT精神错乱 derange 扰乱;使狂;使发狂]
derelict a.被弃的 [L derelictus pp. of derelinquere(DE-,
relinquere=RELINGUISH放弃)]
deride v.嘲笑 [L deridere(DE-, ridere ris- laugh)derision嘲笑;愚弄]
dermatologist n.皮肤(病)学家 [s DERMATITIS+-LOGY]
derogatory a.贬抑的 [LL derogatorius DEROGATE v贬抑;毁损]
descant v.详论;絮说 [ME<OF deschant<medL discantus(DIS-, cantus
song, CHANT)]
descend v.降;下来;减少;降低 [ME<OF descendre<L
descendere(DE-,
scandere climb)descendant子孙,后裔]
descry v.发现;远远看到 [<OF descrier: prob confused with var of obs
descrive<OFdescrivre DESCRIBE] desecrate v.亵渎;弄污 [DE-+CONSECRATE奉献]
desiccate v.使干 [L desiccare(DE-, siccus dry)a ~d skin 干燥的皮肤
desiccator 2(化学)保干器,干燥器,防潮器]
desideratum n.所愿望之物 [L neut pp.: DESIDERATE渴望,希求 DE-,
siderare as inCONSIDER]
desirable a.希望的;愿望的 [ME<OF(DESIRE)desirous愿望的,渴望的
undesirable不符心愿的;不良好的 The police had many] [requests to run the ~s out of town]
desolate a.v.荒芜的;孤独的;不安的 [ME<L desolatus pp. of
desolare(DE-, solare<solus alone)]
despatch v.派遣;发送;调遣 [同dispatch(<意大利语"快走")急派<军队、特使等>(往),(处理等的)迅速;迅速的处理
with ~ 迅速地],[ 快速地,敏捷地
despicable a.可鄙的;卑劣的 [LL despicabilis<despicari(DE-, specere
look at)]
despise v.轻视;蔑视 [<L despicere(DE-, specere look at)]
despoil v.夺取;抢劫 [ME<OF despoill(i)er<L despoliare(DE-, spoliare SPOIL战利品;奖品)]
despotic a.专制的
[(despot 的形容词)despot(<G."主人")专制君主,独裁者;暴君
despotic monarch 绝对君主 despotism
专制,专制政治;独裁制,暴政
despotism n.专制;暴政 [despotic adj]
destine v.指定;命运注定 [ME<F destiner<L destinare(DE-, stanare(unrecorded)settle<stare stand)]
destitute a.极端穷困的 [ME<L destitutus pp. of destituere forsake(DE-,
statuere place)]
destruction n.破坏;灭亡;毁灭 [E<OF<L destructio -onis(DESTROY)]
desuetude n.废止;不用 [DE-, suescere suet- be accustomed]
desultory a.散漫的;随便的 [DE-, salt- pp. stem of salire leap跳跃]
detachment n.分离;分遣;分遣队;超然 [detachement DETACH 分离
detached分离的;公平的]
deter v.阻止;拦住 [L deterrere(DE-, terrere frighten)deterrent 防止,挽留;妨碍物
determent 制止(物)]
detergent n.清洁剂 [L detergere(DE-, tergere ters- wipe擦拭)]
deteriorate v.变化;恶化 [LL deteriorare deteriorat-<L deterior worse]
detour n.绕路;便道;绕路而行 [F detour change of direction<detourner
turn away(DE-, TURN)]
detraction n.诽谤 [de+tract拉+ion detractor贬低者 DETRACT 去掉;损伤,损坏;转移注意;责难]
devastate v.使荒废;破坏 [L devastare devastat-(DE-, vastare lay waste)]
deviate v.逸出正轨;违背
[LL deviare deviat-(DE-, via way) deviant a.越轨的;反常的n.异常者,变态者
deviance 异常;逸出正轨; 偏差
devious a.不正当的;迂回 [L devius<DE-+via way]
devoid a.缺乏的 [ME, pp. of obs devoid<OF devoidier(DE-, VOID 毫无()的;缺少()的(of) a ~ space 空间;(物理)真空]
devolve v.委任;移交 [ME<L devolvere devolut-(DE-, volvere roll)]
devotion n.献身;专心热爱;祈祷 [ME<OF devotion or L devotio(DEVOTE)]
devour v.吃光;毁灭;吞没;使着迷 [ME<OF devorer<L devorare(DE-,
vorare swallow)]
devout a.虔敬的 [ME<OF devot<L devotus pp.(DEVOTE)]
dexterity n.灵巧;机敏;用惯右手的人 [F dexterite<L
dexteritas(DEXTER)dexterous adj]
diabolical a.残酷的 [diabolic 恶魔(一样)的,魔鬼性格的 diabolatry
魔鬼崇拜]
diadem n.王冠;王位 [ME<OF diademe<L diadema<Gk diadema(DIA-, deo
bind)]
dialectic n.辩证法;逻辑 [<Gk dialektike(tekhne)(art)of debate(DIALECT方言)]
diaphanous a.透明的;澄清的 [medL diaphanus<Gk diaphanes(DIA-, phaino show)PHANTOM幽灵;幻影]
diatribe n.恶骂;非难 [<L diatriba<Gk diatribe spending of time,
discourse<diatribo(DIA-, tribo rub)]
dichotomy n.两半;二分法;对生 [modL dichotomia<Gk dikhotomia<dikho-
apart+-TOMY]
dictate v.听写;口述;命令;指挥 [L dictare dictat- frequent of dicere
dict- say dictator n]
dictum n.格言;权威的断言 [L, = neut pp. of dicere say]
didactic a.教诲的;教训的 [Gk didaktikos<didasko teach DID-ACT-IC]
diffidence n.羞怯;谦虚 [(反)confidence 信任,信赖(in)自信(in)]
diffuse v.扩散;普及;散开 [ME<F diffus or L diffusus extensive(DIS-,
fusus pp. of fundere pour)diffusion n]
digression n.离题;扯到枝节上;脱轨 [L digredi digress-(DI-, gradi
walk)digress
v.走向岔道, 离开本题(主题), 扯到枝节上]
dilapidation n.倒塌;毁坏 [ME<LL dilapidatio(DILAPIDATE 使<建筑物>荒废,使<汽车等>毁坏
变为荒废,变破旧 DI-, lapis] [lapid- stone]
dilate v.扩大;膨胀 [ME<OF dilater<L dilatare spread out(DI-, latus
wide)]
dilatory a.不慌不忙的 [LL dilatorius(DI-, dilat- pp. stem of differre
DEFER)<DELAY耽搁]
dilemma n.左右为难的状况 [L<Gk(DI-, lemma premiss)]
dilettante n.业余的艺术爱好者 [It<pres part of dilettare
delight<L delectare]
dilute v.稀释;冲淡 [L diluere dilut-(DI-, luere wash)]diluvial a.洪水的
[LL diluvialis<diluvium DELUGE(<L."冲走")大水灾,洪水,泛滥;豪雨]
diminution n.减少;变小 [ME<OF<L diminutio - onis(DIMINISH)]
din n.噪声;闹音 [OE dyne, dynn, dynian<Gmc]
dingy a.昏暗的;肮脏的 [perh ult<OE dynge DUNG(牛、马等的)粪便;水肥]
dint n.力量 [ME<OE dynt, and partly<cogn ON dyntr]
dipsomaniac n.酗酒狂之人 [k dipso-<dipsa thirst+-MANIA]
dire a.可怕的;悲惨的 [L dirus =direful 可怕的;悲惨的]
dirge n.丧曲;挽歌 [ME<L dirige(imper)direct, the first word in the
Latin
antiphon(from Ps 5:8)in the Matins part of the Office for] [the Dead]
disabuse v.解惑;矫正
disagreeable a.讨厌的事 [E<OF desagreable(DIS-, AGREEABLE令人愉快的;宜人的,和蔼可亲的,悦人的,讨人喜欢]
disarray v.杂乱
disastrous a.灾害的;悲惨的 [orig 'unfavourable aspect of a star',<F
desastre or
It disastro(DIS-, astro<L astrum star)disaster n]
discernible a.可辨别的 [ME<OF discerner<L(DIS-, cernere cret-
separate)discernment 眼光;洞察力 discern 分别,识别;找出; 识],[领悟]
discharge v.发射;免职;放电;卸货 [ME<OF descharger(DIS-, CHARGE)]
disclaim v.否认;放弃权利 [ME<AF desclaim- stressed stem of
desclamer(DIS-,CLAIM)]
discomfit v.挫败;使混乱[ME<disconfit<OF pp. of desconfire<Rmc(DIS-,
L conficere put together:CONFECTION)discomfiture n 失败;狼狈
disconcert v.妨碍;破坏;使张惶失措 [obs F desconcerter(DIS-, CONCERT一致)]
disconsolate a.哀伤的 [ME<medL disconsolatus(DIS-, consolatus pp. of
Lconsolari console安慰)]
discordant a.不调和的;不一致的 [ME<OF, part of discorder: DISCORD]
discredit v.丧失名誉
discreet a.慎重的;谨慎的
[<L discretus separate(DIS-, cretus pp. of cernere sift), with LL
sense<its derivative discretio discernment 辨别;看清楚
discrete a.各别的;不关连的 [ME<L discretus: DISCREET小心的;慎重的]
discretion n.谨慎;斟酌办理 [ME<OF<L discretio -onis(DISCREET小心的;慎重的)]
discursive a.散漫的;无层次的 [medL discursivus<L discurrere
discurs-(DIS-,currere run)]
disdain v.鄙视;不屑做 [ME<OF desdeign(ier)ult<L dedignari(DE-,
dignari<dignusworthy)]
disenfranchise v.剥夺...之公民权 [enfranchise给予<人>参政(选举)权解放<奴隶等>,使成为自由民;免除的法律义务]
disgruntle v.使不悦;使不满 [IS-+gruntle obs frequent of GRUNT<猪>咕噜<人>哼,喃喃发怨言
~in discontent 不满而发哼声 give a] [~ of discontent 咕噜地抱怨]
disguise n.v.伪装;隐藏;欺骗 [ME<OF desguis(i)er(DIS-, GUISE (in a
┅~)(为欺骗人而伪装的)外 观,样子 (in the ~ of) 服装,装扮]
[(under the ~ of) 假装;借口]
dishabille n.便装 [habilatory 服装的;衣服的 habilimentation 服装;衣服]
disheveled a.凌乱的;不整洁的
disinclined a.不愿的
disingenuous a.不诚恳的;虚伪的 [dis+INGENUOUS (反)innocent]
disinterested a.公正的;无私的 [pp. of disinterest(v)divest of interest]
disjointed a.脱节的;杂乱的 [DIS-, jungere junct- join)]
dislodge v.逐出;使移动;驱逐 [ME<OF dislog(i)er(DIS-, LODGE(<古法语"小屋")(暂时)住宿,投宿]
dismal a.阴暗的 [orig noun = unlucky days: ME<AF dis mal<medL dies
mali two days in each month held to be unpropitious]
dismember v.分裂;瓜分 [ME<OF desmembrer<Rmc(DIS-, L membrum limb)]
disparage v.轻视;抑贬 [ME<OF desparagier marry unequally(DIS-, parage
equalityof rank ult<L par equal)]
disparate a.不相干的 [L disparatus separated(DIS-, paratus pp. of
parareprepare), infl in sense by L dispar unequal]
disparity n.不同;悬殊 [F disparite<LL disparitas -tatis(DIS-,PARITY(量、质、价值等)同等,等价,等量,同率,平等
~ of treatment] [同等待遇]
dispassionate a.冷静的;公平的
dispersion n.散布;分散 [ME<LL dispersio(DISPERSE), transl Gk diaspora:
DIASPORA 犹太人的离散;离散的犹太人]
dispirited a.沮丧的;无精打采的
disport v.嬉戏;玩乐 [ME<AF & OF desporter(DIS-, porter carry<L
portare)]
disposed a.愿意;想干
disposition n.性质;气质;整理;让与 [E<OF<L dispositio(DIS-,
ponere posit- place)]
dispossessed a.被剥夺财产的
disputatious a.好议论的 [disputant adj&n争论者;争论的]
disquisition n.论文;专题演讲 [F<L disquisitio(DIS-, quaerere quaesit-
seek)]
disreputable a.名誉不好的
dissection n.分析;解剖
dissemble v.隐藏;假装 [ME, alt after semblance of obs dissimule<OFdissimuler<L
dissimulare(DIS-, SIMULATE 假装的样子],[ 伪装(生物)拟态
disseminate v.散布;传播 [L disseminare(DIS-, semen -inis seed)]
dissension n.冲突;纷争 [ME<OF<L dissensio(DIS-, sentire sens-
feel)]
dissertation n.论文 [L dissertatio<dissertare discuss, frequent of
disserere dissert- examine(DIS-, serere join)]
dissident a.不赞成者 [F or<L dissidere disagree(DIS-, sedere sit)]
dissimulate v.假装;掩饰 [L dissimulare(DIS-, SIMULATE假装的样子,伪装;拟态]
dissipate v.浪费 [L dissipare
dissipat-(DIS-,sipare(unrecorded)throw)dissipated 沉迷于酒色的;闲游浪荡的]
dissolute a.放荡的;不道德的 [ME<L dissolutus pp. of dissolvere
DISSOLVE溶解;解散]
dissonance n.不和谐(音) [ME<OF dissonant or L dissonare(DIS-, sonare
sound)]
dissuade v.劝阻;阻止 [L dissuadere(DIS-, suadere suas- persuade)]
distaff n.女性;妇女 [OE dist'f(STAFF), the first element being app rel to
LGdiesse, MLG dise(ne)bunch of flax]
distend v.扩张;膨胀 [ME<L distendere(DIS-, tendere tens-
stretch)distension膨胀]
distill v.蒸馏;滴下
distinction n.差别;特性;高贵;名誉 [E<OF<L distinctio -onis(DISTINGUISH)]
distort v.扭曲;变成 [L distorquere distort-(DIS-, torquere twist)]
distrait a.心不在焉的 [ME<OF destrait pp. of destraire(DISTRACT转移;分心)]
distraught a.心神分散的 [ME, alt of obs distract(adj)(DISTRACT), after
straughtobs pp. of STRETCH伸展;张开;一口气]
distress n.苦恼;贫苦;扣押 [ME<OF destresse etc, AF destresser, OF
-ecier<Gallo-Roman(DISTRAIN扣押 ~ upon a person's goods for] [rent
扣押某人的货物抵偿租金]
disturbance n.骚动 [E<OF destorbance(DISTURB)]
diurnal a.每日的;昼间的 [ME<LL diurnalis<L diurnus<dies day]
diva n.歌剧中的首席女主角 [It<L, = goddess]
diverge v.分歧;差异 [medL divergere(DI-, L vergere incline)divergence,-cy
n]
divers a.不同的;种种的 [ME<OF<L diversus DIVERSE(DI-, versus pp.
of vertereturn)]
diverse a.不同的;互异的;种种的 [ME(DIVERS)diversity]
divertissement n.消遣;娱乐 [F,<divertiss- stem of divertir(<F'diversion')娱乐,消遣
DIVERT转移]
divest v.脱去;剥除 [earlier devest<OF desvestir etc(DIS-, L vestire<vestisgarment)divestment=divestiture剥夺]
dividend n.被除数;利息;红利 [AF dividende<L dividendum a high (low)
~ 高额 (低额)股息(DIVIDE(<L."分离")把<东西>(切割而])[分],分割<up>
除以<某数>(by)
divination n.预言;先知 [ME<OF divination or L divinatio(DIVINE神的;神圣的)]
docile a.听话的;温顺的 [ME<L docilis<docere teach]
dock n.船坞;码头;被告席;裁减 [ME, of uncert orig]
docket n.诉讼事件表 [docker 码头工人,船坞工人 (longshoreman)]
dodge v.躲开;逃避责任 [~ a blow 迅速闪避打击 ~ one's
responsibility 逃避责任]
doff v.脱;除去 [ME, = do off]
doggerel n.拙劣的诗;打油诗 [ME, app<DOG: cf -REL DOGGERY狗性]
dole n.悲哀;赈济品 [doleful悲哀的;寂寞的;阴沉的]
dolorous a.悲伤的;忧愁的 [ME<OF doleros<LL dolorosus(DOLOUR)]
dolt n.笨拙之人;傻瓜 [app related to dol, dold, obs var of DULL
doltish adj愚蠢的;愚钝的]
domain n.领土;领域;私人所有地 [ME<F domaine, OF demeine DEMESNE,
assoc with L dominus lord]
domicile n.家;住所 [ME<OF<L domicilium<domus home]
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