GRE全真题90(10)之五
Each of six automated tasks, numbered 1 through 6, takes one full hour
to complete. No time elapses between the completion of any of the six tasks
and the beginning of another task. The group of six tasks must be completed in
the shortest possible time period, subject only to the following restrictions:
Tasks 1 and 2 must both be completed before any of the other tasks can be
begun.
Task 3 must be completed before task 4 can be begun.
At any one time, no more than one task can be performed, except that tasks
4 and 5 can be performed concurrently.
Which of the following tasks could be the second task performed?
2
3
4
5
6
答案：(A)
The shortest possible time period in which the group of six tasks can
be completed is
two hours
three hours
four hours
five hours
six hours
答案：(D)
Which of the following CANNOT be true of any acceptable ordering of tasks?
Task 1 is performed before task 2.
Task 3 is performed before task 6.
Task 4 is performed before task 6.
Task 5 is performed before task 3.
Task 6 is performed before task 3.
答案：(D)
If task 6 is performed as early in the order of tasks as is permissible,
then task 6 is performed
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
答案：(C)
Most television viewers estimate how frequently a particular type of
accident or crime occurs by how extensively it is discussed on television news
shows.Television news shows report more on stories that include dramatic
pictures such as fires and motor vehicle accidents than they do on more common
stories that have little visual drama such as bookkeeping fraud.
If the statements above are true, it can be properly concluded that which
of the following is also true?
The time that television news reporters spend researching news stories is directly
related to the number of viewers who will be affected by events like those
in the news stories.
It is easier for crimes such as bookkeeping fraud to go unprosecuted than it is
for crimes such as arson.
The number of fires and motor vehicle accidents greatly increases after
each television news show that includes dramatic pictures of a fire or motor
vehicle accident.
Viewers of television news shows tend to overestimate the number of fires and
motor vehicle accidents that occur relative to the number of crimes of bookkeeping
fraud.
The usual selection of news stories for television news shows is determined by
the number of news reporters available for assignment.
答案：(D)
问题：如果上面的陈述正确，则能够推断出下面哪一个一定正确？
读题：许多电视观众通过一种特定事故或犯罪在电视新闻上被讨论的广阔性来估计其发生的频率。电视新闻报道包含象开枪射击或汽车事故等生动场面的事情比包含象偷书等不带有视觉效果的事情要多。
C.
当包含象开枪射击或汽车事故等场面的新闻被报道之后，开枪或汽车事故的数目将大大增加。（原文中说的是，观众根据事故被讨论的广阔性来估计其发生的频率。但是是不是实际上也是这样发生的，你是不知道的,所以C不对）
According to one psychological theory, in order to be happy, one must have
an intimate relationship with another person. Yet the world's greatest
composers spent most of their time in solitude and had no intimate
relationships. So the psychological theory must be wrong.
The conclusion above assumes that
the world's greatest composers chose to avoid intimate relationships
people who have intimate relationships spend little time in solitude
solitude is necessary for the composition of great music
less well known composers had intimate relationships
the world's greatest composers were happy
答案：(E)
Every member of the Progress party in a certain city council voted
against appropriating funds to build a new bridge. All city council members
voted on the bridge-appropriation issue. A simple majority of votes was needed
to pass the bill.
Which of the following statements, if true, would provide
sufficient information to tell whether or not the bridge appropriation bill
passed?
The Progress party holds a majority of seats on the city council.
Less than half of the members of the other parties all taken together
voted against the bridge appropriation.
No other Council Members voted against the bridge appropriation.
Three-fourths of the votes cast against the appropriation were by members of the
Progress party.
Every member of the city council is either a member of the Popular party or
a member of the Progress party.
答案：(A)
An office is one of several in which all the furniture is to be
repainted.The office contains exactly four pieces of furniture-a bookcase, two
chairs, and a desk-and no furniture is to be moved into or out of that office.
The repainting specifications are as follows:
On completion of repainting, any piece of furniture in an office must be uniformly
brown, green, tan, or white.
On completion of repainting, at least one of the pieces of furniture in an office
must be green, and the desk must be either brown or tan.
If, prior to repainting, a piece of furniture is either orange or yellow,
that piece must be white on completion of repainting.
If, prior to repainting, a piece of furniture is tan, that piece must
remain tan on completion of repainting.
All of the specifications above can and must be met in each office
scheduled for repainting,
Which of the following could be the furniture colors in the office
on completion of repainting?
Bookcase Chair Chair Desk
Yellow Brow White Tan
White Green Green Brown
Green White Orange Brown
Brown Tan White Tan
Tan White Brown Green
答案：(B)
读题：办公室重漆家具，共有4件家具：1B(bookcase)，2C(chairs)，1D(desk)
写条件：
1、油漆完后每件家具颜色是b(brown),g(green),t(tan),w(white)中的一种。
2、g≥1,D=b/t (表示重漆之后，至少有一件家具是g, desk变为b或者t)
3、o,y → w (表示重漆之前的o或y, 重漆之后变为w)
4、t → t (表示重漆之前的t，重漆之后还是t)
条件总结：
*g≥1是一个全局性限制条件，它对整个重画作出了一种限制，无论你在什么情况下都必须要满足它，象这种对全局，对整体限制的条件始终是解题的重点。相对来说，D=b/t只是对Desk这了某种限制，是一个局部条件。
If, prior to repainting, one chair in the office is orange and the other
chair is tan, which of the following must be true of the furniture in the
office on completion of repainting?
The bookcase is green.
Exactly one of the chairs is brown.
Exactly one of the chairs is orange.
Both of the chairs are white.
The desk is tan.
答案：(A)
如果重漆之前，两个C为o,t, 下面哪一个在重漆之后must be
true?
解题步骤：
1、C为o,t
条件3：o,y→w， ∴重漆之后一件C为w
条件4：t→t， ∴重漆之后另一件C为t
2、重漆之后的条件还有，g≥1, D=b/t,
所以只有B为green
If, prior to repainting, the desk in the office is green and the other
three pieces of furniture are white, then of these four pieces of furniture
there must be how many that are painted a color that differs from its color
prior to repainting?
Four
Three
Two
One
None
答案：(C)
如果重漆之前D=g，其余为w，重漆之后有多少家具must be改变颜色?
解题步骤：
1、重漆之前D=g, 重漆之后D=b/t, ∴D改变颜色
2、重漆之后g≥1，由于重漆之前其余3件家具均为w，为了满足g≥1，至少有一件一定改变颜色，其余两件只是可能改变。
3、题目是以一种must be的语气来问的，所以一定改变的有两件家具
Prior to repainting, and given the repainting specifications, the desk in
the office could have been any of the following colors EXCEPT
brown
gray
tan
white
yellow
答案：(E)
在重漆之前，Desk可能是下面哪一种颜色，EXCEPT？
解题步骤：
1、对Desk只有一个条件限制：重漆之后D=b/t。因此本题只要寻找这样的颜色，使D重漆之后，违反了D=b/t这个条件。
2、哪一种颜色重漆之后一定不为b/t呢？
条件3：o,y → w
所以Desk重漆之前一定不能为o或y
If, prior to repainting, the bookcase is white, one chair is orange,
one chair is tan, and the desk is green, which of the following must be true
of the furniture in the office on completion of repainting?
At least one piece of furniture is brown.
Only one piece of furniture is green.
Only one piece of furniture is tan.
Exactly two pieces of furniture are white.
Exactly two pieces of furniture are changed in color as a result ofrepainting.
答案：(B)
Which of the following could be true of the furniture in the office prior
to repainting if, also prior to repainting, three of the pieces of furniture
in the office are tan?
The desk is brown.
The desk is green.
One piece of furniture is white.
One piece of furniture is yellow.
The fourth piece of furniture also is tan.
答案：(C)
下面哪一个在重漆之前可能正确，如果在重漆之前，有3件家具是
解题步骤：
1、由条件4, t→t得，重漆之后已有3件家具是t。
2、由条件2知，重漆之后必须满足g≥1，因此剩下的一件家具一定要能够变为green
3、选项A、B一定不对，因为Desk重漆之后为b/t，违反g≥1.
选项D：y→w, 违反g≥1
选项E：t→t, 违反g≥1，故C对
At the start of a two-week hiking trip, eight women-Fiona, Gabriela,
Judith,Karen, Michiko, Sharita, Teresa, and Yuriko-will divide into a River
Group and a Hill Group of four members each. After following different trails
for one week, the groups will meet and the women will again divide into a
River Group and a Hill Group of four members each, which will again follow
different trails for a week. The groups must be formed with the following
restrictions:
For the first week, Teresa cannot be in the same group as Yuriko.
For the second week, both Teresa and Yuriko must be in the River Group.
For each of the two weeks, if Fiona is in the Hill Group, Karen must also
be in the Hill Group.
For each of the two weeks, Judith must be in the same group as Michiko.
Which of the following could be the members of the River Group for the
first week?
Fiona, Gabriela, Karen, and Yuriko
Fiona, Karen, Michiko, and Sharita
Gabriela, Judith, Sharita, and Teresa
Gabriela, Karen, Teresa, and Yuriko
Gabriela, Sharita, Teresa, and Yuriko
答案：(A)
If Michiko is in the River Group for the second week, which of the
following must be the members of the Hill Group for that week?
Fiona, Gabriela, Judith, and Sharita
Fiona, Gabriela, Karen, and Sharita
Gabriela, Judith, Karen, and Sharita
Gabriela, Judith, Sharita, and Yuriko
Judith, Karen, Teresa, and Yuriko
答案：(B)
If, for each week, Sharita is in a different group from Term, Sharita must
be in a group with which of the following for exactly one week?
Fiona
Gabriela
Karen
Michiko
Yuriko
答案：(E)
If Judith is in the Hill Group for the first week, which of the
following must be in the River Group for that week?
Fiona
Gabriela
Michiko
Sharita
Teresa
答案：(A)
If exactly two women change groups at the end of the first week, those
two women could be which of the following?
Gabriela and Karen
Gabriela and Sharita
Karen and Sharita
Karen and Yuriko
Term and Yuriko
答案：(D)
An artist needs to arrange seven drawings on the wall of a room in an
art gallery. The drawings must be placed in seven consecutive positions,
numbered 1 through 7, along the wall. Four of the drawings-Fan, Gate, Harp,
and Iris-depict objects, whereas three of the drawings- Salem, Tempe, and
Utah --depict landscapes, The order in which the drawings are arranged along
the wall must meet the following conditions:
No two drawings of objects can be placed next to each other.
Iris cannot immediately precede Salem.
Harp must immediately precede Tempe.
If Gate is in the third position, then Salem must be in the second
position.
Which of the following is an acceptable arrangement of the drawings along
the wall, from position 1 to position 7 ?
Fan, Salem, Gate, Tempe, Iris, Utah, Harp
Harp, Tempe, Iris, Utah, Gate, Salem, Fan
Iris, Utah, Gate, Fan, Salem, Harp, Tempe
Salem, Fan, Utah, Harp, Tempe, Gate, Iris
Utah, Salem, Gate, Harp, Tempe, Fan, Iris
答案：(B)
Which of the following lists the three positions on the wall in which
Harp could be placed?
First, second, and third
First, third, and fifth
Third, fourth, and fifth
Third, fifth, and sixth
Third, fifth, and seventh
答案：(B)
If Gate is in the third position, Utah must be placed in which of
the following positions?
First
Second
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
答案：(C)
if Salem must be placed on the wall in a higher-numbered position than
Tempe and in a lower-numbered position than Utah, Fan must be placed in which
of the following positions?
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
答案：(C)
A common defense of sport hunting is that it serves a
vital wildlife-management function, without which countless animals would
succumb to starvation and disease. This defense leads to the overly hasty
conclusion that sport hunting produces a healthier population of animals.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the author's claim that
sport hunting does not necessarily produce a healthier population of animals?
For many economically depressed families, hunting helps keep food on the table.
Wildlife species encroach on farm crops when other food supplies become scarce.
Overpopulation of a species causes both strong and weak animals to suffer.
Sport hunters tend to pursue the biggest and healthiest animals in a population.
Many people have strong moral objections to killing a creature for any reason other
than self-defense.
答案：(D)
问题：下面哪一个，if true，最能够支持作者的宣称：sport
hunting并没有产生一个健康的动物数目？
读题：对运动狩猎的一般辩护是它起了重要的野生生命管理的作用，没有它无数的动物将死于饥饿和疾病。这个辩护导致过分草率的结论：运动狩猎会产生更健康的动物数目
分析：
本题作者的宣称在问题中就已经告诉。问题是支持宣称：运动狩猎将不会产生健康的动物数目。直接支持就可
B.当其他的食物供应变的稀少时，野生种族蚕食农作物（如果这道题目让你去反对作者的宣称，你会选B吗？其实B是一个无关选项。B看起来象是对的，它吃农作物，对人类不利当然要狩猎。但是注意：原文中的宣称是狩猎带来更健康的动物数目，这两者根本就没有联系。）
D.运动狩猎者倾向于追捕最大最健康的动物。（D指出你把大的健康的捕完了，剩下老弱病残，怎么能说是产生更加健康的数目呢，与结论一致，为SUPPORT）
Two suits of battle armor worn by King Henry VIII were discovered, one
from the beginning of his reign in 1510 and the other from 1540. Although both
suits of armor were made for Henry VIII, the 1540 suit of armor was 40 pounds
heavier than the 1510 suit of armor.
Which of the following, if true, contributes LEAST to an explanation of
the discrepancy described above?
Henry, although slim at the beginning of his reign, developed a bulky
figure because of massive weight gain.
During his reign Henry increased his arsenal of weapons because, despite his popularity
in 1510, by 1540 the English populace was becoming disenchanted with his rule.
Although the style of armor was plain and severe in the beginning of Henry's reign,
he started the fashion of decorating armor with heavy and elaborate metal pieces
because of his love for ornamentation.
Henry ascended the throne while still an adolescent and grew three inches during
his first five years as king.
Because of the improved design of battle weaponry during the 1530's, armor was
given a multilayered design so that the sharper and stronger weapons could not
pierce it.
答案：(B)
Government department head: We already have a code of ethics that
companies doing business with the department are urged to abide by. The fact
that virtually all of the companies have agreed to abide by it indicates that
it is successful. Therefore, neither stronger ethics regulations nor
enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure ethical behavior by companies
doing business with the department.
Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the department
head's conclusion?
The code of ethics applies only to companies that do business with
the department.
The code of ethics was instituted only after it was discovered that several companies
had committed serious violations of ethics in their business with the department.
A government investigation found that most of the companies that agreed to abide
by the department's code of ethics are not complying with it,
A survey of major companies found that several companies stopped doing business
with the department because they did not want to agree to abide by the code of
ethics.
A study of codes of ethics for companies found that the codes are most effective
when the top executives of companies that agree to abide by them are fully
committed to following them.
答案：(C)
问题：下面哪一个，if true，最反对department head
的结论？（由问题知，读题时当然要注意department head的结论是什么）
读题：政府部门的头：我们已经有了一个道德法规，与政府部门做生意的公司被要求遵守的道德法规。事实上所有的公司都同意遵守这个法规显示它是成功的。因此，更严格的法规管理或者执行机制都没有必要来保证这些公司的道德行为
分析：
很显然，department head的结论是由第5行Therefore引导：不需要更严格的法规管理和执行机制存在
原因: 所有公司都同意遵守问题为WEAKEN,答案达到的效果为:
大家都同意遵守不能表明就不需要严格执行机制.说到和原因、结论或他们之间不一样的就是答案原因关键词：
同意遵守
B.法规仅仅是在几个公司与政府部门做生意时严重触犯道德后被制定的。
C.政府调查发现：大多数同意遵守道德法规的公司没有遵守它。直接反对原因,
他们都是口头上同意,但是实际上并没有遵守
D.主要公司调查发现：几个公司停止与政府部门做生意，因为他们不同意遵守道德法规（法规带来的不利性，与要不要执行机制无关）
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